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Seven lessons of Okuama calamity

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By Michael Owhoko, Ph.D

Has Nigeria learnt any lessons from the Okuama massacre?  Will the incident repeat itself or offer profound lessons against future experience?  In the journey of life, no individual or nation or country is immune from occurrences thrown up by circumstance, which may be pleasant or painful.  Lessons learnt from such experiences are deployed to prevent possible future recurrence, failing which, the same catastrophe repeats itself.

In context, the gruesome murder of army officers at Okuama in Ughelli South Local Government Area, Delta State, which transcends ethnic emotions and accompanied by wide condemnations, is a confirmation that Nigeria has not, and does not learn from lessons, otherwise, the calamity would have been avoided.

The incident was not the first. It happened previously at Odi, Bayelsa State, Zaki Biam, Benue State, and Gbaramatu, Delta State, yet, it appeared neither the federal government nor the Nigerian Army learnt any lessons therefrom.  This is evident from the Okuama saga, a proof of the country’s insensitivity to bloodshed and exposition of poverty in the policy making process.

This notwithstanding, the Okuama calamity has again thrown up another opportunity for lessons to be learned.  If Nigeria fails again this time around to learn from these happenings, then the country risks further carnage, which may possibly take a more complex form with unmanageable and unpredictable consequences.  It may be too costly for the country’s fledgling socio-economic balance and stability.

Therefore, the lessons are crucial, and should be identified by the government and harnessed as feedback for proactive purposes to forestall future recurrence.  It is a tragedy for any country with a relapsing experience not to have a codified strategy encapsulated in a template to resolve related matters.  In specific terms, what then are the lessons and takeaways from the Okuama disaster?  Lesson One: To have allowed a land dispute over fishing rights between Okuama and neighbouring Okoloba community in Bomadi Local Government Area, Delta State, to escalate means there were no proactive measures and concerted prompt intervention by the Nigeria Police Force and Delta State Government in response to petitions written by Okuama community.

The community, through its lawyers, I. Ejedegba and Co., had written a petition to the Commissioner of Police in Asaba, Delta State which was acknowledged on January 31, 2O24, while the petition written by Okuama community leaders and addressed to the Delta State Governor was received on February 2, 2O24.  This was over one month before the gruesome murder of the military officers on March 14, 2O24.

Since the Police is the first line of defence and statutorily responsible for civil matters, they should have wadded in upon receipt of the petitions to nip the crisis in the bud, aside previous joint meetings among the communities, the Police and the Delta State Government that yielded no solution.  Under this development, the Delta State Governor should have been advised to wield the big stick by acquiring the land in contention for public interest to end the crisis.  Lesson Two: Inviting the Army for a mediatory and peace mission to Okuama for resolution of land dispute between two communities that were not at war, was an error in judgement. The dispute was civil in nature, and it was only when efforts by the Police and the Delta State Governor had failed, and there was evidence of likely escalation into a dangerous dimension beyond the capacity of the Police, that would have warranted intervention by the Nigerian Army.  It is not the responsibility of the Army to broker peace in a civil matter.

Lesson Three: Central to the killing of the military personnel in Okuama, is presumably oil.  Oil appeared to be the underpinning motive behind the horrendous and senseless killings.  Mere land dispute between two communities could not have led to such a mindless massacre. Soldiers are deployed to the Niger Delta region to protect oil facilities, and in the course of this duty, they might have been marked as “enemy” by those profiteering from illegal oil deals.

Those involved in crude oil theft and other illegal activities, including processing of locally refined products might see the Army as an obstacle to their business interests.  The military high command should have known this, and prepare the soldiers for possible eventuality and collision with entrenched oil thieves.  The circumstances of their death showed that the military men were taken unawares.  It was likely that crude oil thieves and other vested interests might have planned and taken advantage of the soldiers’ peaceful disposition to unleash mayhem in such a horrific and despicable manner.  Lesson Four: The mass destruction of Okuama by the Army in response to the death of the soldiers without singling out the culprits, was unhelpful, as innocent children, mothers, elderly, the sick and even pregnant women, were either killed, rendered homeless or died while trying to escape.  To bring pains on an entire community over the action of a few criminals, is indefensible.  Reprisal attack and collective punishment are incompatible with international laws.

Recall that after destruction of Odi by the Army, the community resorted to litigation and got a favourable judgement, leading to payment of N15 billion out of court settlement, as compensation.  Justice Lambi Akanbi of the Federal High Court had condemned the government for a “brazen violation of the fundamental human rights of the victims to movement, life and to own property and live peacefully in their ancestral home.”  Since the Okuama experience is reminiscent of the destruction at Odi, it is likely Okuama may seek redress in the law court for compensation over reprisal destruction of lives and properties.

Lesson Five: As the President and Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Nigeria, Bola Tinubu’s order to the Army was too hasty and reactionary without taking into consideration innocent lives in Okuama that were caught up in the web.  Granting “full authority” to the military to bring anybody found to have been responsible for the attack to justice, was an obvious blanket licence for the military to invade Okuama.

Instead, the President should have ordered the security agencies and the Police to specifically intervene, identify and arrest the criminal elements in the community, while instituting an independent high-powered panel of enquiry to unravel the causes of the mayhem.  A future restraint on the part of the President is imperative to douse tension and minimize further collateral damage.

Lesson Six: The Army’s decision to lock down and lay siege to Okuama without granting access to the Delta State Governor, the Police, humanitarian agencies, and even the press to assess the situation on ground, has given rise to speculations about the plight of the members of the community, particularly the innocent, helpless and indigent persons.  This is unhelpful to the image of the Army.

By not allowing access, the Army has unwittingly, opened its operations to speculations. For example, it was alleged that the Army killed over 50 persons in Okuama, with other survivors hiding in the bush, including old women, children, the elderly ones and even the sick, with no food to eat and water to drink.  This is a gross violation of their fundamental human rights.

To avoid being put on the spotlight, it is imperative for the military to grant access into the community to enable humanitarian agencies and volunteer groups to extend help and assistance to the innocent ones to prevent further fatalities.  This will also serve the interest of the Army’s reputation.

Lesson Seven: After the destruction of Odi, initial public sympathy for the military waned.  Same is replicating itself at Okuama over the conduct of the Army.  The Army, like other federal government agencies, is not a supreme institution that is above the Constitution and the Nigerian State, neither is the civilian population subject to military laws.  Indeed, the Army is subject to civil authority under Democracy. Therefore, it must change its current tactics at Okuama where it has refused access to the community, assumed sole information provider on goings-on, and subjected civilians to investigation, arrest and detention.

It is hoped that these lessons will serve as reference and guide for the state governments, the Police, the Army and the federal government in handling related crises to avert future disaster.

Dr. Mike Owhoko, Lagos-based public policy analyst, author, and journalist, can be reached at www.mikeowhoko.com, and followed on X {formerly Twitter} @michaelowhoko.

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Opinion

Adeleke v Aregbesola: The price of political treachery

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By Dr Jimoh Olorede

Preparatory to the July 2022 governorship election in Osun State, and since thereafter, until recently, the ex-governor and immediate-past Minister of Interior, Ogbeni Rauf Adesoji Aregbesola, a top beneficiary of the All Progressives Congress (APC) party, as a two-term commissioner in Lagos, two-term governor in Osun, and minister consecutively, suddenly became an abettor and a conspiratorial ally to an opposition gubernatorial candidate, Senator Ademola Adeleke, against his party, APC, and his successor, Adegboyega Oyetola, who served as his Chief of Staff, succeeded him as governor, and was seeking a reelection! The gubernatorial election was held, Adeleke won, Oyetola lost, but subsequently appointed as minister, while Aregbesola left the political stage as minister and got back home!

Oyetola’s open and obvious sin for which he must be crucified, and was actually dealt with, at least, in the myopic estimation of Aregbesola and his co-conspirators, was ‘reviewing and reversing his Schools Reclassification Policy’, by which Oyetola actually rekindled people’s hope, and what they perceived as a retrieval of their ‘lost glory and education origin’, with his return and reversal of the changed public schools’ founder-cum-original names and unique uniforms to the status quo. This happens when a government is consent of the governed.

His (Oyetola’s) hidden, how-do-we-say-it sin for which he must be punished was what Ogbeni would term ‘deployment of his magic wand’ with which he was able to pay full salaries of the state workers, which Aregbesola could not, or perhaps did not, given the inherited jugular-strangling and throat-squeezing debt into which he plunged the state. These were Oyetola’s obvious and hidden sins for which the ‘political structure and APC house’ built in Osun by Asiwaju Bola Tinubu, through Aregbesola and others, must be demolished and totally rent asunder.

Since the creation of Osun State, ten people have served as governor, with four military governors and six civilian governors. While the first (military) governor, Leo Segun Ajiborisha, served the shortest term of four months, from 27 August 1991 to 3 January, 1992, Ogbeni Rauf Adesoji Aregbesola so far, served the longest term of eight years as governor, from November 27, 2010 to November 27, 2018. However, within this period of eight years of the longest-serving governor, so many things had happened in and to the state. One of those things was the changing and renaming of the state from Osun State to “State of Osun”. The ex-governor must have seen an error which none of his seven predecessors who had ruled the state before him could see.

He also created and introduced a different state Anthem, Logo, Crest and Flag. Apart from the humongous loan repayment, Oyetola also inherited these “Aregbesola-personified legacies” about which he had to be silent, as it was a moral burden, and rather maintained and sustained the status quo throughout his administration, feigning pretense as if he didn’t see anything wrong just to avoid crisis or rift with Aregbe.

Alas, Governor Ademola Adeleke eventually betrayed his ‘mission-fellow’, an abettor and co-conspirator, Ogbeni Rauf Aregbesola, who maliciously joined forces with him against his own party and successor. He has obliterated all Ogbeni’s known legacies in the state. No sooner had the governor taken the oath of office than he started repealing Aregbesola’s legacies right at the venue of his inauguration. While delivering his inaugural speech, governor Ademola Adeleke publicly said: “Consequently, I hereby issue the following directives which will be backed up with appropriate Executive Orders.

“. . . Three, and immediate reversal to the constitutionally recognized name of our state – Osun State. All government insignia, correspondences, and signage should henceforth, I repeat, should henceforth reflect ‘Osun State, rather than ‘State of Osun’, which is unknown to the Nigerian Constitution.”

Nigerian politics is a treacherous game. There’s no permanent friend or enemy in politics, as politicians deceitfully use and dump each other. Adeleke knew Aregbesola was smart; he consequently cynically stooped to outwit his smartness, and Ogbeni unwittingly misconstrued his betraying kindergarten dancing posture for stupidity.

Also, while Oyetola maintained and sustained the legacy, and retained the nomenclature “OYES” (Osun Youth Empowerment Scheme) as birthed and christened by Aregbesola, governor Ademola Adeleke dissolved the OYES Corps to be renamed after his ‘Imole Youth’. The governor, through his spokesperson, condemned what he referred to as ‘content of the programme’ which, according to him, turned people to grass-cutters and market sweepers. Similarly, on many occasions, I have heard Adeleke-led PDP condemn Aregbesola’s government in the media, bemoaning that he failed to complete any road in eight years, and so on.

Eventually, the scenario turned out to be Adeleke paying Aregbe in his own coins! Based on malice and ill-will, and for his immediate ego satisfaction, Aregbesola sacrificed his party’s future gains, jeopardizing the fortune of many, thinking he was ‘dealing’ with, and whipping Oyetola with political lashes. Paradoxically, as Ogbeni whips, Oyetola laughs while many, including Ogbeni himself, weep as direct recipients of the whipping! As a Yoruba adage says “Papa npara e, o lo np’aja” meaning a tick, like a sheep-ked, is unwittingly ruining itself thinking is undoing its host-dog by sucking its blood.

In June 2023, Ogbeni Aregbesola while speaking at the palace of Ataoja of Osogbo, Oba Jimoh Oyetunji Larooye II, after he had returned to Osun State consequent upon the expiration of his term as minister, said “I was born in Ikare Akoko. It’s surprising that a boy born in Ikare Akoko became a commissioner in Lagos and governor in Osun. That’s the work of God. He used Asiwaju to lead me to the path of success. I thank God who brought me to Lagos through the assistance of Asiwaju Bola Tinubu. He is the architect of my success.” He added that Tinubu directed him to come and take over “my fatherland – Osun State, that it was my next place of assignment.” Can you imagine, Aregbesola saying this after the deed (a grave damage) had been done! This is exactly how traitors behave – joining forces with conspirators to betray their benefactors.

Dr. Olorede, a strategic communication analyst, writes via [email protected]/08111841887

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Opinion

Moving beyond celebration: Workers’ day and the imperative for a living wage in Nigeria

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By Kenechukwu Aguolu

With Workers’ Day, drawing near, Nigerian workers eagerly await any news regarding a potential rise in the minimum wage. However, recent statements attributed to the President of the Trade Union Congress hint that such an announcement might not occur on that day. This delay disappoints many workers grappling with economic challenges. The government should acknowledge this disappointment and provide a transparent timeline for any pronouncement and subsequent implementation of adjustments to the minimum wage.

The existing minimum wage of thirty thousand naira is glaringly inadequate. To

contextualise, individuals living below 1.9 dollars per day, as per World Bank standards, are deemed to be in poverty. With a minimum wage equivalent to roughly one thousand naira per day, individuals fall significantly below this poverty threshold. Sustaining oneself, let alone supporting a family, with such meager income is incredibly challenging. Essentially, the current minimum wage

sentences individuals to a life of absolute poverty, making it nearly impossible to fulfill basic needs and aspirations.

Evaluating the fairness of employers towards Nigerian workers presents a nuanced scenario. In the private sector, compliance with minimum wage regulations is common; meeting legal requirements. However, some employers exploit the low minimum wage by offering salaries just above this threshold, taking advantage of high unemployment rates. This often results in highly qualified individuals receiving inadequate compensation for their skills and contributions. As for the government’s role, there is room for improvement. Recognising workers as the backbone of society, establishing a reasonable national minimum wage is crucial. When workers are not adequately compensated, it not only affects their individual welfare but also has widespread societal implications. Thus, there’s a clear expectation for the government to prioritize fair wages and working conditions for Nigerian workers, acknowledging their indispensable role in maintaining the nation’s prosperity.

Prior to the current administration, instances occurred where state governments consistently failed to pay worker salaries on time, with some only providing partial payments. Such neglect towards worker welfare is disheartening, with reports indicating tragic consequences such as workers resorting to suicide out of frustration and children dropping out of school due to financial strain. These outcomes underscore the severity of the situation. If research were conducted, there might be a correlation between this neglect towards worker welfare and the increase in insecurity levels. When individuals of all ages face dire financial circumstances due to unpaid wages, some may resort to criminal activities as a means of survival. While this doesn’t justify criminal behavior, it’s crucial to acknowledge the pressures driving individuals towards illegal actions. Financial pressure stands out in the fraud triangle, contributing significantly to fraudulent behavior. Addressing issues related to worker salaries is urgent to alleviate financial burdens on individuals and mitigate associated societal impacts, such as heightened insecurity. Timely payment of wages is essential for the well-being of workers and fostering stability and prosperity across society.

While advocating for a minimum wage of one hundred thousand naira might appear ideal, determining the appropriate minimum wage is complex. It involves considering factors such as the cost of living, inflation rates, and the financial capacity of employers, including governments at all levels. While pushing for a substantial increase may seem appealing, acknowledging economic realities and feasibility is crucial. State governments, often citing limited funds, must prioritize

workers’ welfare while maintaining fiscal responsibility and sustainability. Boosting internally generated revenue through initiatives like enhancing tax collection, investing in infrastructure, and promoting entrepreneurship could address this challenge. Strengthening revenue streams enables state governments to handle the costs associated with higher wages while investing in critical services and development projects. Achieving a balance between fair wages for workers and fiscal prudence necessitates collaboration among government, businesses, and labour unions to establish an equitable and sustainable minimum wage for all stakeholders involved.

I have faith in President Bola Ahmed Tinubu’s commitment to provide workers with not just a new minimum wage, but a wage that will enable them to live with dignity even though if it may take longer than expected. President Bola Tinubu has demonstrated a strong dedication to good governance, and I am confident that he will prioritize the welfare of workers as part of his vision for a prosperous Nigeria. Moreover, establishing a robust mechanism for enforcing the national minimum wage is paramount.

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Opinion

Osun: Where is Gov. Adeleke’s phoney N16bn digital economy project?

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By Waheed Adekunle

It is appalling that in the last 14 months of unveiling the phoney digital economy policy by the incumbent Governor Ademola Adeleke led-PDP government in Osun State, nothing meaningful has been recorded in the sector thus far.

There is no doubting the fact that the current administration in the state has been failing consistently in delivering its electoral promises to the good people of the state particularly in the area of digital economy which was overblown beyond proportion and boastfully promised to turn around the fortune of the state in the technology world.

There are indices suggesting that the initiative has failed woefully like many others previously initiated by the incumbent government.

Recall that Governor Adeleke had on March 6, 2023, unveiled the state’s digital economy policies and flagged off laying of a broadband fibre optic project worth N16 billion purportedly claimed to cover 64 kilometres of the state and place landmarks of the state on Google maps.

Governor Adeleke who signed the Memorandum of Understanding with Oodua Infraco to commence immediate deployment of Fibre Optics across the state boasted that with the new National Broadband policy, free connectivity would be returned to schools and health centres but till today, nothing has been achieved in that respect.

In his words: “This government is waiving payment for Telecom Right of Way in return for free connectivity to our schools and health centres when the broadband project is completed. My good people of Osun State, we are also harnessing the many talents Osun has in the tech sector. We are putting selected Osun tech leaders from all over the world into an advisory board. Today, I am inaugurating the First Digital Economy Advisory Board with 15 members. Their task is to support the state in our dream of transforming Osun into a digital economy state.

“Permit me to commend my team for their wonderful performance on these landmark initiatives. I appreciate the team from the Ministry of Innovations, Science and Technology as well as specialists within the ICT Taskforce. You are consequently directed to work on the next phase which is the commencement of implementation of the policies and the initiatives.”

Anyway, it is not surprising that the incumbent government didn’t come up with anything tangible since the inauguration of the ‘non-existent fibre project’ other than the failure which it had also recorded in all sectors as manifested in the failed Imole Youth Corps; failed O’MEAL Scheme, failed borehole project, and failed attempt to remove the Chief Judge of Osun among others.

Saying lies, falsehoods and propaganda are the trademarks of the current administration is to say the least as it has now become glaring to all and sundry that like Ismail Omipidan said last year, “Osun under Governor Ademola Adeleke is being run in fraudulent claims.”

It would be recalled that the Adeleke government which started on a vendetta mission aimed at blackmailing and silencing the opposition has been witch-hunting suspected members of the All Progressives Congress, APC, instead of facing governance and this has shown clearly the real mission of the government.

Also recall that the Adeleke government started on a zero plan for the state. This was apparently noticed when the governor asked members of the Transition Committee to fashion out what his government could do within the first six months as this practically revealed the lack of capacity and preparedness in the current administration.

One would also wonder how a government which claimed to have campaigned vigorously to win the party’s governorship ticket and subsequently emerged governor would be asking a committee to design what was expected of him to do in six months! This shows a high level of his unpreparedness and that of his team for effective governance of Osun.

Back to the digital economy bogus claims, since the launch of the project precisely 13 months ago, why has Osun not been placed on world Google map as earlier promised by the Adeleke government? What has been the challenges impeding the project? Where have the humongous funds for the questionable project gone into? Who is the contractor handling the project if it exists at all?

Until these salient questions are answered satisfactorily, the government would continue to be held accountable. We should not forget that the masses are watching and taking records of events as they unfold under the Adeleke government. They are awaiting the day of reckoning.

May God heal our land.

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