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How mechanics complement initiatives to end open defecation in Borno

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It is common to see people defecating in the open in major cities across Nigeria, including its commercial hub, Lagos and capital city of Abuja. If the situation is bad in the cities then imagine what obtains in the rural areas.

According to WaterAid, an international water charity organisation , only 9 per cent of Nigeria’s estimated 200 million population has access to basic water, sanitation and hygiene services.

Specifically, the organisation says, 112 million Nigerians, representing 56 per cent of the population lack decent toilets, while another 46 million or 23 per cent of the population practice open defecation.

As governments and development partners escalate collaboration to address the challenge posed by open defecation, some communities have initiated community-based efforts to augment their efforts

A recent visit to Madiya, a community seven kilometers away from Biu town in Borno, Local Area Mechanics (LAMs) are carrying out repairs on a broken down borehole facility.

On inquiry, Mohammed Usman, 35 year-old LAM said the facility’s  oil seal was broken hence it cannot pump water.

In a matter of few minutes, the damaged seal was replaced, the issue was resolved and again water flowed.

The facility tour by the media was meant explore what Biu and Shani Local Government Areas did to be declared Open Defecation Free (ODF) by the National Task Group on Sanitation.

The Borno State Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Agency (RUWASSA), in partnership with UNICEF trained selected volunteers in focal Local Government Areas (LGAs).

This is part of its efforts to ensure sustainability of Water Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) facilities  and encourage its ownership by the Communities.

The training was designed to equip participants with skills to carry out repairs of broken down boreholes in the communities.

With this, village level operation and maintenance of these boreholes is achieved, without having to wait for the state government or its development partners to fix them.

According to Usman, “I am happy to contribute to the development of my community. It is sad to see community members suffering in their efforts to get water’’

For Mariam Ibrahim, a mother of four, being a member of LAM, has been a blessing and gives some sense of fulfillment.

Ibrahim said the joy of seeing happy faces, especially the children, whenever any broken down borehole is fixed in cannot be quantified.

For Garba Julde, a member of the community, who also doubles as the Secretary of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Committee (WASHCOM), set up through UNICEF interventions, through the efforts of LAM members water supply is now regular in the area.

He said this has led to an improvement in quality of life for the populace.

Julde said households with difficulty in constructing their toilets were supported to do so and, expressed gratitude to RUWASSA, UNICEF and other partners for their efforts.

In Walama community in Shani LGA, the presence of functional water facilities and toilets has improved health outcomes for the community, according to residents

At a visit to a community member, Emmanuel Some, showed that the a clean environment and free from feces stench because members of the household no longer dash into the nearby bush to defecate.

The pour-flush toilet in use was the Satopans, which uses minimal water and has automatic fly-proof mechanism to keep flies away.

According to Some, open defecation free awareness has been of benefit to his household and his community, adding that  with  the water facilities, life has become better.

“ The anti-open defecation campaign has helped in stopping the practice in this community.

“Those who have the means constructed soak away toilets while those who cannot afford it have constructed pit toilets.

“Before now, we use to share the stream with animals, but now with and the construction of the borehole by UNICEF and its partners, has helped to improve sanitation and hygiene habits among the people of this community’’, Some told the visiting team.

According to Mohammed Walama, District Head of Walama, his community took ownership, operation and maintenance of the solar-powered borehole and other water facilities.

This, he said, was to ensure access to potable water and to encourage hygiene practices for the benefit of all.

“We have given stern warnings that no one should defecate in the open. We have also enacted a Bye-law which attracts a fine when violated”, he told the newsmen

At the Walama Primary Health Care Centre, records provided by the Facility Manager, Mr Yunana Some, revealed that there was a huge reduction in water-related infections and deaths due to access to potable water.

Some said prior to the installation of the solar powered borehole by UNICEF and RUWASSA, water was bought from vendors, adding that it was usually inadequate to meet the water needs of the health centre.

“It has helped our health facility to have clean water to attend to patients and also clean the toilets, and the environment. Before now, we used to buy water from the town and it was not enough’’, Some said.

While the communities have been doing a lot of self-help it is important that they are not forced to carry the larger part of the burden.

Therefore, Ms Phuong Nguyen, UNICEF Chief of Field Office, Northeast Nigeria, Borno Government says the state government must take all necessary measures to ensure that ODF status recorded in the two local governments were replicated in other parts of the state.

Nguyen said Open defecation was a threat to child survival, particularly for those who live in communities affected by conflict.

Nguyen said the declaration of Biu and Shani as open defecation-free is a gift to vulnerable children and families.

It is important to bear in mind that becoming open defecation-free is a journey, and not a destination. There are key elements of this journey that we must maintain.

“These include a sustained access to safely managed water and improved toilets both at the household and institutional levels.

“In Biu, Shani and elsewhere in Borno, government must lead and invest more in water, sanitation and hygiene facilities’’, she said

The UN official said for Biu and Shani to maintain their ODF status, key elements of the construction of toilets in institutions such as schools, health centres and markets must be sustained.

She said households must be supported to maintain their improved toilets just as access to safe water for households and public institutions must be sustained.

“We must invest more to strengthen sustainability efforts, including sensitisation on hygiene services. Communities must be accountable in the protection and maintenance of WASH facilities”, she said.

As explained by Alhaji Babagana Saad, Acting General Manager, Borno RUWASSA, achieving the feat was not easy.

He said the key factors involved the success story included joint funding of projects by the government and development partners as well as other sacrifices by the partners to ensure that it succeeded.

The general manager said traditional leaders also played their part in encouraging the community members to embrace ownership of WASH facilities.

“RUWASSA will work with respective stakeholders to champion the enactment of laws to upgrade the current LGA WASH Units to WASH department.

“This is to make them independent to be able facilitate the attainment and sustaining the ODF status in all the LGAs in the state.

UNICEF WASH Specialist, Mr Lonis Salihu, said the organisation was using the ‘No one is Left Behind’ advocacy to ensure that communities imbibed the behaviour  change approach to build and use their toilets.

Salihu said Borno had shown the possibility to become  be declared ODF state through its commitment, strategies and funding mechanisms.

On the business side,  the WASH specialist said that sanitation had seen business expansions for toilet business owners.

Sanitation experts say if Nigeria would end open defecation, the right place to start from is the grassroots as the Borno example has shown.

They say there  is the need to support all states to ensure that all Local Governments in the country started  their Community Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) efforts.

According to them, this will not only augur well for the health and environmental wellbeing of the people, but for business owners, boost their incomes as sanitation markets expand.

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Tinubu targets increased gas production, unveils plants in Delta, Imo

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President Bola Tinubu will commission three critical gas infrastructure projects undertaken by the Nigerian National Petroleum Company Limited and its partners.

They are the AHL Gas Processing Plant 2 in Delta State, the ANOH Gas Processing Plant, and the ANOH-OB3 CTMS Gas Pipeline Projects in Imo State. The gas projects have a combined estimated output of 1,400 million standard cubic feet per day.

Special Adviser to the President on Media and Publicity, Ajuri Ngelale, disclosed this in a statement he signed Friday titled ‘President Tinubu to commission critical gas infrastructure projects.’

“The projects support the federal government’s effort to grow value from the nation’s gas assets while eliminating gas flaring…and deepen domestic gas supply as a critical enabler for economic prosperity,” said Ngelale.

The AHL Gas Processing Plant 2 is an expansion to the Kwale Gas Processing Plant, which currently supplies about 130MMscf/d of gas to the domestic market.

The processing plant is designed to process 200MMscf/d of rich gas and deliver lean gas through the OB3 Gas Pipeline. However, the facility already injecting gas is scheduled to ramp up to 180mmscfd by the end of May.

Ngelale said this additional gas supply will “support further rapid industrialisation of Nigeria” and also “produce about 160,000 MTPA of Propane and 100,000 MTPA of Butane, which will reduce the dependency on LPG Imports.”

The AHL Gas Plant is being developed by AHL Limited, an incorporated Joint Venture owned by NNPC Limited and SEEPCO.

Meanwhile, the ANOH gas plant is an integrated 300MMscf/d capacity gas processing plant designed to process non-associated gas from the Assa North-Ohaji South field in Imo State.

The plant will produce dry gas, condensate, and LPG. The gas from the ANOH plant will significantly increase the domestic gas supply, leading to increased power generation and accelerated industrialisation.

The ANOH Gas Plant is being developed by ANOH Gas Processing Company, an incorporated Joint Venture owned by NNPC Limited and Seplat Energy Plc on a 50-50 basis.

With the facility mechanically completed in December 2023, the NNPC says it is finalising pre-commissioning activities.

Third is the ANOH-OB3 CTMS Gas Pipeline Project, which the Presidency said involves the engineering, procurement, and construction of 36”x23.3km ANOH-OB3 Project.

“The Transmission Gas Pipeline will evacuate dry gas from the Assa North-Ohaji South primary treatment facility to the OB3 Custody Transfer Metering Station for delivery into the OB3 pipeline system,” read the statement.

About 600MMscf/d is estimated to be available from two separate 2 x 300MMscf/d capacity gas processing production trains from AGPC & SPDC JV.

The 23.3km Anoh-OB3 PPL is scheduled for mechanical completion by May 15, 2024.

When commissioned, the projects will increase gas supply to the domestic market by approximately 500mmscf/d, creating a better investment climate and promoting balanced economic growth cumulatively, the Presidential Spokesman affirmed

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House of Reps to review laws, practices restricting press freedom

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The House of Representatives said on Friday that it would review the laws and practices restricting press freedom and the ability of the media to carry out its constitutional role in the country.

Rep. Akin Rotimi, Chairman, House Committee on Media and Public Affairs, said this while delivering a keynote address, to mark the 2024 World Press Freedom Day organised by the Konrad Adenauer Stiftung, Nigeria.

Rotimi said the legislature would prepare the ground for journalists to operate without any hindrance provided they adhere to the tenets of their profession.

“We will enhance good governance practices, transparency and
accountability through media chats, public hearings, town hall meetings, etc., amongst other scheduled legislative actions in Agenda 6,” he said.

The International Press Freedom Day, celebrated every May 3, is a day of reflection among media professionals and stakeholders on issues of press freedom and professional ethics.

Rotimi said that the 10th House of Representatives led by Speaker Tajudeen Abbas, had resolved to work with the media to ensure a successful running of the present government.

He said that the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (as amended) conferred on the press a critical role as contained in Section 22 regarding obligations of the mass media.

“The role states that the press, radio, television and other agencies of the mass media shall at all times be free to uphold the fundamental objectives in this chapter and uphold the responsibility and accountability of the government to the people.

“Amongst many other challenges in the course of the discharge of this constitutional mandate, the press faces a disproportionate exposure to harm in the face of the widespread insecurity challenges in the country.

“There are also issues around the dearth of funding but I call on all stakeholders to continue with concerted efforts to address these challenges.

“There is no gainsaying that there are many miles to cover as far as media freedoms in our country is concerned but we have greatly improved from the days of military intervention in our polity (particularly, 1983 – 1998),” Rotimi added.

He urged the media to encourage introspection and self-regulation, and also look at the self-defeating ways that the press delegitimises their own struggle by not upholding ethics, and address them.

Mr Lukas Laible, Deputy Resident Representative, Konrad Adenauer Stiftung, Nigeria, said the press had become the enabler of Nigerian democracy.

“May 3 of every year is an important day for journalists as freedom of speech is the beacon of the practice.

“Without freedom of speech there won’t be freedom of press, and without freedom of the press, no society can be free.

“Journalists don’t just cover events, they are the people’s transmitter and they show capability in handling issues. They hold political leaders accountable and that is what makes democracy viable.

“Holding political leaders accountable enhances good governance. If the press fails to hold the government accountable, it will deviate from the people,” Laible said.

According to him, the press is so much trusted by the people and as such must make the people know the value of a free world.

Mrs Franca Aiyetan, Secretary, Nigerian Broadcasting Commission (NBC), who spoke during a panel session, urged journalists to always do their job in a way that would not consume the people.

Aiyetan, while speaking on the theme “Navigating the Intersection of Media Regulations, Press Freedom Advocacy and Ethical Journalism in the Face of Environmental Crises”, noted that NBC was established to have a formidable Nigerian media.

She said that NBC was not established as an attack dog for the government and as such would want the press to always work with it.

“If a detail about a truth will set two tribes against each other, then, there is something wrong with that truth.”

Another panelist, Mrs Mojirayo Ogunlana, the Executive Director, Digicivic Initiative, said journalists needed laws that should protect them while discharging their job.

“Threats to the lives of journalists should be declared as a state of emergency,” Ogunlana added.

She urged media practitioners to self-regulate themselves to prevent the government from exploiting any vacuum that could give it the opportunity to pounce on them.

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Stop using repressive laws to intimidate journalists – SERAP, NGE tell FG

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The Socio-Economic Rights and Accountability Project, SERAP, and Nigeria Guild of Editors, NGE, have called on Nigerian authorities at all levels of government to stop using repressive and anti-media laws to target, intimidate and harass journalists, critics and media houses.

The groups made the demand after an interactive session on ‘the state of press freedom in Nigeria’ held at the Radisson Blu Hotel in Ikeja.

In a joint statement, SERAP and NGE said that, “the government of President Bola Tinubu, the country’s 36 governors and FCT minister must now genuinely uphold press freedom, ensure access to information to all Nigerians, obey court judgments, and respect the rule of law”.

They expressed concerns about the escalating crackdown on the right to freedom of expression and media freedom and the flagrant disregard for the rule of law by authorities at all levels of government.

The groups note that the suppression of the press in recent times takes various forms ranging from extrajudicial to unlawful detentions, disappearances, malicious prosecutions and wrongful use of both legislation and law enforcement.

The statement read in part: “We would continue to speak truth to power and to hold authorities to account for their constitutional and international obligations including on freedom of expression and media freedom.

“Nigeria as a country has a long and unpleasant history of press gagging and clampdown on media freedom, which is evidence of extensive state censorship of media and in some cases, the utter control of state-owned media houses.

“This position has not changed considerably despite almost 25 years of unbroken democratic rule in the Fourth Republic.”

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