Nigeria’s public debt burden: DMO proposes avenues to curtail revenue challenges
The Debt Management Office (DMO), has restated the need for Nigeria to operate an efficient tax administration to tackle revenue challenges.
Director-General of DMO, Patience Oniha, made the call at the 2022 annual conference with the theme: “Nigeria’s Public Debt and the Capital Market” organised by the Capital Market Correspondents Association of Nigeria (CAMCAN) over the weekend in Lagos.
According to Oniha, the country need to operate an efficient tax administration that would ensure greater compliance to remittances devoid of all forms of evasions in the system.
She said revenue challenge remains one of the most critical policy issues of the Federal Government which is currently threatening nation’s debt sustainability.
Recall that the current revenue problem is being compounded by leakages including; increase in oil theft and petrol subsidy, both of which has significantly reduced the revenue from oil sales that used to account for the bulk of government revenue.
Oniha noted that the outlook of both the local and international markets are becoming tighter with rising interest rate.
She, therefore, stressed the need for the country to urgently moderate its new borrowings and ensure that public debt is sustainable through accelerating its revenue base to shore up non-oil revenue and rationalising expenditure.
The DMO boss noted that the nation’s total public debt to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of 23.06 per cent as of June 2022, was still within Nigeria’s self-imposed limit of 40 per cent, whereas the World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF) recommended limits of 55 per cent for countries within Nigeria’s peer group and 70 per cent for ECOWAS countries.
She, however, argued that debt service to revenue was extremely high, an indication that urgent steps needed to be taken to boost the nation’s revenue and enhance public debt sustainability.
In her words, “Nigeria’s public debt stock has grown consistently over the past decades and even faster in recent years. Consequently, debt service has continued to grow.
“Nigeria’s low revenue base compounded by dependence on crude oil resulted in budget deficits over the past decades. Efforts at increasing non-oil revenue are yielding positive results.
“Dependence on borrowing and low revenue base are now threatening debt sustainability. With a low debt to GDP ratio, Nigeria’s debt service to revenue ratio would have been low if revenue was strong,” Oniha said.
According to her, most countries around the world have placed more emphasis on taxation as a principal source of funding for the government while reverse is the case in Nigeria.
Aside taxation as a source of revenue generation, Oniha stated that borrowings must be tied to projects that would generate commensurate revenues to service loans used to finance the projects.
She also said that physical assets such as idle or under-utilised properties could be redeveloped for commercialisation to generate revenue.
Speaking on initiatives and activities for debt sustainability, Oniha said Nigeria is deploying debt management tools of the World Bank and IMF that enable debt sustainability. She noted these tools include an annual Debt Sustainability Analysis (DSA) and a Medium Term Debt Management Strategy (MTDS) every four years.
