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Panic as Kuda Bank incurs loss in 2021

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By Seun Ibiyemi

Customers of Kuda Bank  have raised concern over reported loss of N6 billion more than 7x the N868 million loss it reported in 2020.

The company’s result was first reported by Techcabal a Nigerian-based news website focused on covering the tech sector in Africa. Though a copy of the financial statements is yet to cite.

Kuda Bank is a poster company for Nigeria’s burgeoning FinTech startups and has garnered widespread attention over its disruptive banking operations.

The bank styles itself as the “bank for the free” and does not charge its customers for transfers within the bank. Kuda Customers, however, get 25 free transfers to other banks every month. Extra transfers to other banks cost  10 each.

Some of these disruptive banking models have made it the darling of young Nigerians. However, this comes with a huge cost as the report clearly elucidates.

On aggressive lending, the company makes money by giving our micro-loans to retail borrowers, SMEs, farmers, and traders all classified as subprime and highly risky.

According to the report, Kuda Bank reported revenue of N3.2 billion in 2021 up from N72.6 million reported in the same period in 2020.

The 44x rise in revenue in just one year is a result of the aggressive growth and market penetration the bank has deployed during the year as it focused on increasing its loan book.

Startups especially in FinTech pursue aggressive growth strategies mostly in a bid to meet targets ahead of future equity rounds.

Just last year, Kuda Bank raised $55 million in a Series B round at a valuation of $500 million. This was a few months after it raised a $25 million Series A round.

It is not inconceivable that part of the terms of the raise is for the company to adopt a growth strategy.

Aggressive Losses: As the company focused on aggressively growing its loan books so did defaults and higher operating costs.

According to the report from Techcabal, the bank reported an impairment charge of N2.2 billion meaning about 68.7 per cent of its loans are either bad or classified as going bad.

Prudential banking guidelines require that banks make provisions for loans when they are non-performing (borrowers not servicing debt).

An a non-performing loans (NPL) rate of 69 per cent Kuda Bank is more than 3x the average 15 per cent.

The report also stated that Kuda Bank’s impairment charge of N2.2 billion made up about 96 per cent of its interest income effectively wiping out 96 per cent of interest received.

Also contributing to the losses are the bank’s high operating expenses which ballooned from N 215.4 million to about N1.28 billion.

A cursory review of the report from Techcabal suggests the bank’s aggressive loan growth strategy is the primary driver of losses.

Customers of the bank have often taken to social media to express surprise about unsolicited offers for credit from the bank.

Depositors get as much as N150,000 in unsolicited credit offers after just performing limited transactions.

Since they operate in a very high-risk segment of the market it is not unexpected that they will incur significant losses in the short to medium term.

The bank is also spending heavily on customer acquisition and claims to have over two million registered users. It also has about one million app downloads on the Google Playstore.

Achieving these milestones in over three years requires significant spending on advertising, marketing, and technology.

The bank’s losses were also due to higher personnel costs after it hired expatriates to join its leadership teams. It is likely to continue spending more on personnel as it expands its loan book and operations.

This is the first time Nigerians will have an insight into the financial statements of Startups like Kuda Bank which have raised millions of dollars in funding at very high valuations.

Kuda Bank’s result clearly shows some of the valuations are not based on fundamentals but largely based on a promise that the companies have a business model that will eventually start making money.

For some Fintech startups, making money is not the ultimate goal, rather they target potential acquisitions from bigger more profitable banks looking to expand into the digital sphere.

Paystack for example was acquired by Stripe meaning the company did not need to make any profit to be acquired at valuations topping a billion dollars.

The report also shows how risky it is to bet on an aggressive increase in lending to young Nigerians. Future funding rounds for Startups operating in the FinTech space might be affected following these results.

Already, the Startup market is experiencing contraction as investors demand better performance from founders.

The banking regulator, the CBN, and the NDIC might also be watching the development closely and could call for more capital from Kuda Bank if the spate of losses is not contained.

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Banks’ ATMs dispensing cash, withdrawal limit for non-customers slashed

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Most banks’ Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) are dispensing cash for customers to withdraw, contrary to reports that most banks no longer load cash in their machines.

A correspondent, who monitored banks in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), on Sunday, reports that some customers were seen withdrawing cash.

The study also revealed that most customers using ATM of their banks were permitted to withdraw higher amounts than customers not using their banks’ ATM.

At Zenith Bank in Garki, customers with Guaranty Trust Bank (GTB) ATM cards or other banks’ were only allowed to withdraw N10,000 and below, while those with the Zenith Bank’s ATM cards were allowed N20,000 withdrawal and above.

Also, at First Bank, Nyanya-Jikwoyi road, customers with other bank’s ATM card were allowed to withdraw N10,000 and below, while customers with the bank’s ATM card could withdraw up to N20,000.

Mr Tam Ubose, a customer at Area 3 branch of GTB, said the withdrawal limit slash was not a new development as banks had been doing it.

“This is not new; it has been going on for some months now, especially during the cashless policy season.

“Banks give preferential treatment to their customers.

“The best thing anyone looking for much  cash should do is to use his or her bank’s Atm card or patronise Point of Sale (PoS) operators,” he said.

Mrs Ijeoma Ukwu, another customer at First Bank, Nyanya-Jikwoyi, said that although it had been rumoured that most banks’ ATMs do not dispense cash, she was yet to experience it.

Ukwu alleged that most bank customers now preferred to patronise PoS operators instead of going to use banks’ ATM due to the convenience.

Mr Ade Bello, a PoS operator, said he had many bank accounts and ATM cards which he used to withdraw money.

“Some banks will give you N20,000 while some can only give you N10,000.

“I use almost all my ATM cards when I want to withdraw money for my business and I usually go in the morning when monies are being loaded in the machines.

“It was during that cashless policy thing that we did not see money in ATMs. At that period, I was buying money to save my business, but now, the situation is much better,” he said.

On alleged insinuations that most bankers own PoS, hence the limited loading of cash in banks’ ATMs, Bello said the rumour had filtered into his ears.

Bello, who said the rumours had yet to be confirmed, said he was in the business to cater for the needs of his family.

However, Mrs Susan Obong, a customer at United Bank for Africa (UBA) in Kubwa, alleged that most banks ATMs in the area do not dispense cash, especially during the weekend.

Obong appealed to the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) to investigate the allegation with a view to finding punitive measures for the banks involved.

Reacting to the developments, a banker who pleaded anonymity, said that banks were constantly loading their machines with cash.

“There is no way a bank will see that there is no cash in their ATM machine and they will not quickly load it.

“Loading cash in ATM reduces the number of customers who enter the banking hall and the stress faced by bankers.

“In our bank, we have a stand-by official who will always go and load the ATM with cash.

“We are out to satisfy our customers,” the official said.

Another bank official who also pleaded anonymity, dismissed the allegation that most bankers own PoS business.

“Even though I do not believe this rumor, I do not think it is wrong for someone to own a business as long as you are not going about it the wrong way,” the official said.

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Strong credit score will enhance higher funding for MSMEs – Expert

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A financial expert, Mr Gbemi Adelekan, has advised Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) to ensure a solid repayment history to  enhance their credit scores and improve their access to funding.

Adelekan, also the Chief Executive Officer of KwikPay Credit, gave the advice on Saturday in Lagos in an interview with journalists.

KwikPay Credit is a financial services provider and licensed lender by Trafalgar Associates, approved by the Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Commission (FCCPC).

Adelekan said that, in Nigeria, accessing credit facilities was crucial for individuals and enterprises to meet various financial needs and increase circulation of disposable income and engender business sustainability.

He emphasised that a strong repayment history would enhance access to higher levels of funding that would enable expansion of small businesses into larger enterprises and increase their performances.

“A short-term loan with a solid repayment history can significantly enhance your credit score in a short period.

“This improvement in your creditworthiness opens up greater opportunities to secure larger loan amounts in future applications,” he said.

Adelekan said that short and quick loans had helped many small businesses to navigate  murky economic terrains, particularly those operating under the informal bracket.

“An ice block maker, that hair dresser on the street, the welder whose machine needs to work, and other artisans may be unable to go to big banks or development finance institutions to ask for small loans.

“They may not have the requisite paperwork. Accessing small and quick loans online has saved many of these businesses from collapse.

“Fortunately, the money lending sector is fully regulated by the FCCPC, and the rights of borrowers are very much protected,” he said.

He said that non-repayment of loans had adverse effects.

“Owing money for a long time and watching the interest accrue on such a facility can have a psychological effect,” he said.

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GTCO Plc releases 2024 Q1 unaudited results

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…Reports Profit Before Tax of N509.3billion

Guaranty Trust Holding Company Plc (GTCO or the Group) has released its Unaudited Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements for the period ended March 31, 2024, to the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX) and London Stock Exchange (LSE).

The Group reported profit before tax of N509.3billion, representing an increase of 587.5 percent over N74.1billion recorded in the corresponding period ended March 2023. The Group’s loan book (net) increased by 21.9 percent from N2.48trillion recorded as at December 2023 to N3.02trillion in March 2024, while deposit liabilities increased by 26.0 percent from N7.55trillion in December 2023 to N9.51trillion in March 2024

The Group’s balance sheet remained well structured, diversified, and resilient with total assets and shareholders’ funds closing at N13.0 trillion and N2.0trillion, respectively. Full Impact Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) remained very strong, closing at 24.9 percent, while asset quality was sustained as IFRS 9 stage 3 loans improved to 3.1 percent in March 2024 from 4.2 percent December 2023 and cost of risk (COR) closed at 0.4 percent from 4.5 percent in December 2023.

Commenting on the results, the Group Chief Executive Officer of Guaranty Trust Holding Company Plc, Mr. Segun Agbaje, said, “Our first quarter results reflect the unfolding value of what we have created in all our business verticals through the Holding Company Structure – from Banking and Payments to Funds Management and Pension, we are positioned to compete effectively on all fronts and fulfil all our customers’ needs under a unified, thriving financial ecosystem. Despite the challenging operating environment, we delivered a solid performance, recording significant growth across all financial and non-financial metrics, and we remain on track to meeting our full year guidance.

Mr. Agbaje further said, “Looking ahead, we will continue to focus on strengthening our relationships with our loyal customers, supporting not just individuals and businesses but also our communities through our well-attested free business platforms as well as innovative products and services.

“We are confident in our credentials to lead the future of financial services in Africa and will not relent in our commitment to excellence whilst delivering long-term value to all stakeholders.”

Overall, the Group continues to post one of the best metrics in the Nigerian financial services industry in terms of key financial ratios i.e., pre-tax return on equity (ROAE) of 117.0 percent, pre-tax return on assets (ROAA) of 18.0 percent, full impact capital adequacy ratio (CAR) of 24.9 percent and cost-to-income ratio (CIR) of 16.3 percent.

GTCO is a leading financial services group with banking operations in Nigeria, West Africa, East Africa, and the United Kingdom alongside non-banking verticals in HabariPay, Guaranty Trust Fund Managers, and Guaranty Trust Pension Managers. Its leadership in the banking industry and efforts at empowering people and communities has earned it many prestigious awards over the years. Recently, Guaranty Trust Bank was recognised as Nigeria’s Best Bank and Best Bank in CSR at the 2023 Euromoney Awards for Excellence, Best Banking Group in Nigeria by World Finance, and Best Bank in Nigeria by Global Finance. GTCO’s Guaranty Trust Bank is featured in the Top 1000 Banks in the World and Top 100 Banks in Africa rankings by The Banker.

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